What is the primary hormone secreted by the pancreas to lower blood sugar levels?

The primary hormone secreted by the pancreas to lower blood sugar levels is insulin. Insulin plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism by facilitating the uptake of glucose into the cells, particularly muscle and fat cells, where it can be used for energy or stored for future use. When blood sugar levels rise after eating, the pancreas releases insulin to help lower those levels by promoting glucose storage and preventing the liver from producing more glucose. This process is vital for maintaining homeostasis in the body's blood sugar levels.

Understanding the role of insulin is essential for grasping how the body regulates energy and maintains blood sugar levels within a healthy range. It is also fundamental to the study of diabetes and other metabolic disorders where insulin dynamics may be disrupted. In contrast, hormones like glucagon work to raise blood sugar levels, while cortisol and adrenaline are involved in stress responses and can affect metabolism and blood sugar under different circumstances.