What role do antioxidants play in nutrition?

Antioxidants play a critical role in nutrition by protecting cells from damage caused by oxidative stress. Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between free radicals, which are unstable molecules that can cause harm, and antioxidants, which neutralize these free radicals. By doing so, antioxidants help to prevent cellular damage that can lead to chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders.

The protective action of antioxidants can support overall health and potentially prolong life by mitigating inflammation and enhancing the immune system's response. Foods that are high in antioxidants, such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, and whole grains, contribute significantly to a balanced diet, promoting health through their ability to combat oxidative damage.

In contrast, the other options describe functions that do not pertain specifically to antioxidants. While digestion, energy provision, and metabolism regulation are essential areas of nutrition, they are associated with different dietary components rather than the primary role of antioxidants.