Which nutrient category does not primarily provide energy?

Vitamins are classified as micronutrients and do not primarily provide energy in the way that carbohydrates, proteins, and fats do. Instead of serving as a direct energy source, vitamins play essential roles in various biochemical processes in the body, including metabolism, immune function, and cell repair. They assist in converting macronutrients into usable energy but do not themselves provide caloric energy.

In contrast, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are all macronutrients that provide energy. Carbohydrates are the body's preferred energy source, while proteins can be used for energy when carbohydrate sources are limited. Fats, being energy-dense, provide the most energy per gram compared to carbohydrates and proteins. Therefore, while each of these macronutrients contributes to energy production, vitamins do not generate energy but are vital for the processes that help the body utilize energy from food efficiently.